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1. Introduction
In general terms ground improvement may be considered to be when the engineer forces the soil to adapt to the project requirements by altering its natural state, rather than changing the engineering design in response to the natural limitations of the soil.
An overview of ground improvement techniques includes:
- Densification vibro and dynamic compaction; blasting and compaction gravity.
- Consolidation pre-loading; vertical drains; electro-osmosis and vacuum consolidation.
- Reinforcement soil nailing; piles; stone columns and fibre reinforcement.
- Weight Reduction wood; fly-ash; slag; tyres and geofoam.
- Chemical Treatment soil mixing; lime columns and jet/fracture grouting.
- Thermal Stabilisation ground freezing; vitrification
- Biotechnical Stabilisation brush matting; bush layering
- Geosynthetics geotextiles; geogrids and geomeshes.
A number of these techniques readily lend themselves to investigation and compliance testing with the CPT.
2. Role of the CPT >>
3. Compliance testing >>
4. Settlement of deep compaction fills >>
Click here to download the complete ground improvement capability statement (4.63MB).
In addition, the capability statement includes: Appendix A - Soil behaviour charts Appendix B - Influence of compressibility on normally consolidated, uncemented, unaged, predominantly quartz sands
Appendix C - Plant capabilities
Appendix D - Soil parameters
Appendix E - Case studies
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